A Guide to the Mongolian Lunar New Year

February 15, 2023

Ariunzul Enkhbaatar

Head of Sustainable Development Division

Ariunzul Enkhbaatar

Head of Sustainable Development Division

As the Head of the Sustainable Development Division at GOBI Cashmere, Ariunzul is committed to ensuring responsible and ethical practices at every stage of cashmere production. She leads initiatives in environmental protection, social responsibility, and ethical governance while working closely with herders to promote sustainable sourcing. Passionate about Mongolian culture and the livelihoods of the herders who make cashmere possible, she shares stories about their traditions, the craftsmanship behind cashmere garments, and how GOBI Cashmere upholds its dedication to sustainability.

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What is Tsagaan Sar?

Tsagaan Sar, or the Mongolian Lunar New Year, is the most important Mongolian traditional holiday, marking the end of winter and the start of a new season. It’s a time for families to gather, feast, and reconnect after the long winter. The holiday embodies renewal, unity, and respect for tradition.

Origin

The origins of Tsagaan Sar date back to Genghis Khan’s time. Originally celebrated in the fall, it was moved to spring in 1206 to align with the season of new life. This Mongolian traditional holiday represents the birth of a new year and has remained an essential part of Mongolian culture for centuries.

Pre-Holiday Rituals

Leading up to Tsagaan Sar, families engage in various rituals, such as preparing traditional foods, cleaning homes, and purchasing Mongolian winter clothing. Mongolians also make sure to have their Deel, a traditional outfit, ready for the celebrations.

Bituun – The Eve of Tsagaan Sar

The day before Tsagaan Sar, known as Bituun, holds special significance. It’s a time to clean, resolve disputes, and prepare for the new year. Families enjoy a meal together, and specific rituals are observed to ensure prosperity and happiness in the year ahead.

The Celebration

On the morning of Tsagaan Sar, families gather to greet elders with a traditional gesture called zolgolt. They wear festive Mongolian attire, including cashmere garments, and enjoy large feasts with dairy dishes and special Mongolian holiday foods. In the UK, many Mongolians incorporate cashmere into their Tsagaan Sar outfits to stay warm and stylish.

Mongolian Traditional Clothing for Tsagaan Sar

Traditional Mongolian dress, particularly the deel, is a key part of Tsagaan Sar celebrations. The Mongolian dress traditional for the Lunar New Year is often richly adorned, and winter clothing made from cashmere provides both elegance and warmth. These pieces symbolize a fresh start for the new year.

Mongolian Khadag and Gift Giving

The khadag, a traditional ceremonial scarf, is a meaningful gift exchanged during Tsagaan Sar. Mongolians offer khadags along with other gifts such as sweets, cashmere clothing, or tokens of appreciation to show respect and strengthen family bonds.

Taboos of Tsagaan Sar

Certain taboos are observed during Tsagaan Sar to ensure good fortune in the coming year. Mongolians avoid arguing, overspending, and performing any actions associated with bad luck. Following these customs is an important part of maintaining the holiday’s spirit.

Games and Gifts

Traditional Mongolian games like shagai, a sheep ankle bone tossing game, are played during Tsagaan Sar to bring good luck. Popular gift ideas include cashmere clothing, sweets, and khadags, all symbolizing goodwill for the new year.

How to Incorporate Mongolian Cashmere into Your Tsagaan Sar Attire

Mongolian cashmere is not only stylish but practical for the cold Lunar New Year season. In the UK, cashmere is a popular choice for those celebrating Tsagaan Sar due to its warmth and luxurious feel. Consider adding a cashmere scarf or sweater to your festive outfit for a perfect blend of tradition and comfort.

Conclusion

Tsagaan Sar is more than just a Mongolian traditional holiday; it’s a time to celebrate family, cultural heritage, and the renewal that comes with the changing seasons. From the beauty of Mongolian attire to the fun of Mongolian traditional games, every aspect of Tsagaan Sar offers a glimpse into the rich history and traditions of Mongolia.

Whether it’s the Mongolian khadag symbolizing respect, or the festive feasts that bring families together, Tsagaan Sar remains a cornerstone of Mongolian culture. As you prepare for the Mongolian Lunar New Year, don’t forget to embrace the traditions that make this celebration so special.

FAQs

Is there a dress code for Lunar New Year?

Yes, there is a dress code for Lunar New Year, especially for Tsagaan Sar in Mongolia. People typically wear new clothes, with the deel (a traditional Mongolian garment) being the most popular choice. Mongolian winter clothing, often made from cashmere, is also favored for its warmth and style. Bright, festive colors are preferred as they symbolize good fortune, while dark colors, especially black, are avoided.

How do you greet someone in Tsagaan Sar?

During Tsagaan Sar, the traditional greeting is called zolgolt. The younger person supports the elbows of the elder while asking, "Amar baina uu?" which means, "How do you do?" This gesture and phrase are used to show respect and honor during the Lunar New Year.

What is Tsagaan Sar?

Tsagaan Sar, meaning "White Moon," is the Mongolian Lunar New Year. It marks the end of winter and the beginning of spring, symbolizing renewal and family unity. It is one of Mongolia's most important traditional holidays, celebrated with family gatherings, traditional foods, and special customs rooted in Mongolian nomadic culture.

What not to wear during Lunar New Year?

During Lunar New Year, particularly Tsagaan Sar, it's best to avoid wearing dark colors like black as they are considered inauspicious. Bright and festive clothing, especially new clothes, is encouraged, as it symbolizes a fresh start and brings good luck for the new year.